Transplantation Surgery is the replacement or transplant of the diseased organ from one body or the donor’s body to another or the recipient’s body. This surgery is performed as the last resort when absolutely nothing else can be done to restore the damaged organ to its healthy state once again. The donors can be of two types, i.e. living or dead.  The dead donors were earlier known as cadaveric donors. There are certain organs where the donor has to be a dead donor, like the transplant of the heart. For other organs like the lungs, kidneys or the skin for instance, the donor can either be living or dead. Especially for a skin transplant, a method called autograft is used. This can be described as a transplant of tissues where the donor and the recipient is the same person.

The history of organ transplant dates back as long as the second century B.C. where the Indian surgeon, Susruta was said to have performed an autografted skin transplant in a nose reconstruction surgery, which in today’s medical parlance is known as rhinoplasty. The main drawback of transplant surgery is the rejection of the donor’s organ by the recipient’s body.